IGF1 and breast lobular carcinoma: For example, MMP-11 is overexpressed in many lobular carcinoma cells [92]; MMP-2 is activated on the αvβ3 integrin and its downstream ERK signaling pathway [93]; MMP-7 restores insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mediated phosphorylation of IGF-IR and activation of Akt [94]; MMP-9 is overexpressed in BC and activates TGF-β/SMAD signaling [95].