NOS3 and diabetes mellitus: Conditions known to cause elevations in oxidative stress and chronic inflammation (i.e., aging [110], diabetes [111], hypertension [112], dyslipidemia [113], obesity [114]) have impaired cerebromicrovascular function [32,115,116] (e.g., endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling, peroxynitrite formation) and contributes to a decreased NVC response, resulting in cognitive dysfunction [16,40,41,117,118].