USP5 and liver cancer: USP11 modulates the polysome regulation activity of the INK4a tumor suppressor.11 USP7 is a novel regulator of Chk1 protein stability, which regulates the DNA damage response pathway.12 The deubiquitinating enzyme USP2 regulates the p53 pathway by targeting Mdm2.13 USP5 has been reported to target several proteins, such as SLUG, PD-L1, cyclin D1, and Cav3.2, promoting liver cancer progression, proliferation of glioblastoma cells, immune response, and inflammatory pain.14–17 However, the role of USP5 in sepsis-induced liver injury remains unclear.