In conclusion, LPS can inhibit SIRT1 expression and promote the occurrence of caspase-4/GSDMD non-classical cell scorching in renal tubular epithelial cells when urinary tract infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria occurs in children with CHn, thus promoting the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. Here, CASP4 is linked to neuropathy, congenital hypomelinating.