Furthermore, patients with PDA showed higher PDSS-CV (17.10 ± 4.35 vs. 14.66 ± 3.12, p = 0.003) and STAI trait scores (58.03 ± 9.76 vs. 52.02 ± 11.59, p = 0.016) but did not differ in serum BDNF levels, PHQ-15, and STAI state scores compared to those without (all p > 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Patent ductus arteriosus.