THBS1 and neoplasm: VCAN, THBS1, and CCL20 were highly expressed in the Mono_2 cluster, which was derived from tumor tissue (Figure 3D), indicating the potential of this specific monocyte cluster to exert a critical immunosuppressive effect (Shearer et al., 2016; Xiao et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2021b; Chen et al., 2021; Kellar et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2022a).