HAVCR1 and diabetes mellitus: Previous reports reported an independent association between urine KIM-1 and all-cause death in community-dwelling persons with and without baseline CKD.10,26,27 urine KIM-1 was also associated with adverse heart failure outcomes and longitudinal kidney function decline among persons with and without diabetes mellitus in some prospective studies.27, , , –31 However, few studies examined these associations in specific high-risk populations, such as those with diabetes mellitus and eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or that included a large proportion of Black persons.