To examine the pathways involved in the development of mood disorders, we analyzed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HPC) and hypothalamus (HPT) the levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, as well as the mRNA expression levels of TLR4, iba1 (microglia), GFAP (astrocytes) and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is mood disorder.