PTGS2 and colorectal neoplasm: Our data also indicate that an increase in carcinogenic bacteria (genus Escherichia shigella) and a decrease in probiotics (family Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae) in type II colorectal neoplasms may drive disease progression by upregulating oncogenic signaling pathways and inflammatory/oxidative stress response pathways, as well as important proteins (PLD1/2, CYC, and PTGS2) expression encoded by related oncogenes and pro-inflammatory genes.