CTLA4 and neoplasm: Although it is assumed that thymectomy renders immunosuppression due to disturbance in the pool of conventional T cells in the periphery, a recent study conducted in a preclinical model of primary melanoma documented that cessation of thymic activity in adult mice causes preferential reduction of Treg exports to the periphery, thus increasing the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapies targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitor CTLA-4 (145).