Encouraged by the excellent colloidal stability, tumor cell membrane permeability, and superior in vivo biosafety mentioned above, the MC38 mouse colon adenocarcinoma model was used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of SuperPDL1exo in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice (MC38 cells have been reported to exhibit high PD-L1 expression levels (11)). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.