We have investigated the effect of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on BM-MSCs because the MTHFR gene was related with a wide range of different diseases such as coronary artery and cardiovascular diseases, psoriasis, infertility, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, cancer, etc. Moreover, we have only investigated the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiations but neural differentiation is still needed to be investigated as there is a relation between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and neural diseases. This evidence concerns the gene MTHFR and diabetes mellitus.