DR4 and DR5 can engage their ligand TRAIL on NK cells to induce NK cell degranulation and IFNγ production [37] and the enhanced NK mediated lysis of CLL cells induced by selinexor (12.9% to 21.8%, P < 0.05) was ablated (7–8%, no statistical significance) in the presence of anti-TRAIL blocking antibody (Fig. 4D). Here, IFNG is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.