It is of note that a similar non-superiority of anti-TNF on alpha diversity course has been reported in relatively small longitudinal studies of Chinese children with IBD using stool16 or biopsy samples.36 The composition of the bacteriomes among children with CD was notably more diverse, with that od some samples being very different to compositions observed in children with JIA or in healthy controls. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.