In general, all the changes among significant metabolites support the overall picture of the shift from proteolytic towards saccharolytic fermentation,61,62 which is considered a healthier profile.63 Interestingly, SCFAs are generally considered anti-inflammatory and are enriched in healthy people compared to patients with IBD,55,56 but we have not seen their association with anti-TNF. Here, TNF is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.