TNF and hip fracture: When we analyzed the observed differences in the acute trauma patients in relation to their correlations with inflammatory markers, we noted that SCFA levels were positively correlated with the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (butyrate and isovalerate) but only among rib fracture, whereas SCFA levels were negatively associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines in hip fracture cases (e.g., TNF-α vs propionate and valerate).