The results suggest that TGF-β1 polymorphism and levels play a significant role in the incidence of hepatic cirrhosis and hepatitis C. Further research could focus on investigating the mechanisms by which TGF-β1 polymorphism and levels contribute to the development of these conditions, as well as exploring potential therapeutic strategies that target TGF-β1. Here, TGFB1 is linked to hepatitis C virus infection.