A total of 123 significantly enriched signalling pathways were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis (p < 0.05), and the top 5 pathways were lipids and atherosclerosis, the AGE-RAGE signalling pathway in diabetic complications, pertussis, the cancer pathway, and hepatitis B. The top 30 pathways are visually represented in the bubble plots in Fig. 4B. The results indicated that apoptotic pathways were closely related to IDD. This evidence concerns the gene RENBP and pertussis.