In contrast, Module 2, which was characterized by pathways associated with synapse organization (GO:0050808, FDR = 4.0 × 10−8) and memory (GO:0007613, FDR = 3.1 × 10−5), was significantly enriched in downregulated Rnf146-DEGs, including Cacnb3, Cck, Chrd, Neurod2, Nptx1, Slc17a7, and Synpo. Coexpressed genes of Module 2 also included Ube3b, which was significantly perturbed by Rnf146 overexpression and highly associated with intellectual disability (eigengene-based connectivity = 0.96) (Supplementary Table 2f)64,65. Here, RNF146 is linked to Intellectual disability.