Although the five clusters are not exclusively associated with diabetes, the authors report that T2D β-cells exhibit notably lower levels of INS mRNA and reduced expression of FXYD2 (Na,K-ATPase gamma subunit), along with increased levels of GPD2, which is a crucial component of the NADH mitochondrial shuttle.75. The gene discussed is FXYD2; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.