We observed voltage-dependent as well as time-dependent blood glucose (Fig. 6a,b) and blood insulin (Fig. 6c,d) tunability as well as concomitant fine-tuning of other biomarkers of insulin deficiency, ketones, triglycerides and glucagon (Extended Data Fig. 10a–f), showing that metabolic homeostasis could be restored by applying 4.5 V electrostimulation for 10 s or more (Fig. 6b,d) and confirming the in vitro tunability of DART-transgenic cells (Figs. 2b,c and 4a–c, Extended Data Figs. 3g,h and 7j and Supplementary Fig. 5c). Here, GCG is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.