TRAF3 and neoplasm: In the current study, 22 expression modules were identified, but only one had ideal statistical characteristics for tumor subclassification, namely a bimodal distribution in all three independent cohorts (Fig. 2); this sky blue module was strongly associated with activated NF-κB signaling and contained all tumors with TRAF3 and CYLD inactivating defects (Figs. 3 and 4).