Various chronic diseases are associated with decreased expression of sirtuin 1 (lung cancer, systemic sclerosis), while others are associated with an increase in sirtuin 1 levels (chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease) (Cornelius et al. 2013; Hosseninia et al. 2021; Zbroch et al. 2020; Manetti et al. 2022). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.