A randomized controlled trial included 207 melanoma patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 plus chemotherapy, as well as one retrospective cohort with 331 melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoantibodies, also corroborated the positive correlation between obesity and prolonged PFS and OS, and the association was mainly seen in male patients, while no significant difference was observed in female patients (47). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.