Anticoagulant prophylaxis might be beneficial for patients with UE trauma who are active smokers and have diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism, malignancy, coagulation disease (JAK2 mutation), or a CVC. In addition, the efficacy of prophylaxis for the prevention of UE-DVT or PE remains controversial, with a substantial disparity between national consensus conference panel recommendations and individual practice. The gene discussed is JAK2; the disease is diabetes mellitus.