In this randomised placebo-controlled exploratory study, maternal perinatal probiotic supplementation resulted in mostly lower expression of the measured plasma inflammatory biomarkers in the offspring at 2 years of age, especially CCL11 and IL-17C, while IL-17C, MCP-4, uPA and CD6 correlated with the presence and CCL20 and IL-18 with the severity of AD. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is Alzheimer disease.