ACE, angiotensin-converting-enzyme; ARB, Angiotensin-receptor-blocker; AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; CHA2DS2VASc, history of congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke/transient ischemic attack/prior thromboembolism, vascular disease, age and sex; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; TIA, transient ischemic attack. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is congestive heart failure.