MCs can not only directly sense viruses through the expression of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I [14,129] but can also be activated by tissue damage and stress through alarmin and purinergic receptors upon infection [14,130,131,132,133,134]. This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and infection.