Although the noncanonical NFκB pathway (also known as the alternative NFκB pathway) was originally identified as a cellular pathway involved in adaptive immunity and secondary lymphoid organogenesis [29,30,31,32], it has more recently become appreciated in cellular innate immunity for its role in transcription of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines during viral infection [33,34,35,36,37]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is viral infectious disease.