De Vos van Steenwijk et al. showed that ex vivo stimulation of T cells from infiltrated cervical cancers and sentinel lymph nodes with HPV-16 E6 and E7 peptides, in combination with TLR agonists such as lipopolysaccharide or Pam3CSK4, increased IFN-γ production, suggesting that tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-draining lymph node cells (TDNCs) are present in high numbers in HPV-related tumors, but are suppressed by the tumor microenvironment [69]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and cervical cancer.