NOS2 and colitis: Illikoud et al. [4] summarized the effects of S. thermophilus strain treatment in mice with DSS or trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS) induced colitis reporting that S. thermophilus strains prevented and decreased symptom intensity of DSS and TNBS induced colitis, including bodyweight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, and bacterial translocation into the colonic tissue and to the liver, macroscopic and histologic damage, immune stimulation, and associated inflammation, levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase positive (iNOs+) cells in the large intestines.