ADK and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Numerous pathways mediate the growth and proliferation of CLL cells, but three appear to be critical: the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2-MAPK), and Ak-strain transforming (AKT) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) pathways, which are all activated by LDLs in CLL cells [23].