To study the potential effects of T2DM on muscular mitochondria, p53, COX, and mitochondrial DNA content as well as oxidative stress parameters, TAC, and 8-OHdG were estimated as biomarkers of mitochondrial changes in serum and muscle tissues of patients with T2DM and control subjects (Figure 1). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.