In human myocarditis, Myers et al. discovered a Th17 cell immunophenotype linked to human myocarditis/DCM, which was characterized by increased CD4+IL-17+T cells and Th17-promoting cytokines, such as IL-6, TGF-β, and IL-23, along with GM-CSF-secreting CD4+T cells. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.