To this end, a constant search of molecular characteristics and cell signaling pathways associated with the disease, has revealed the implication of the High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein in carcinogenesis, exhibiting a dual functional role, both oncogenic and tumor suppressive depending on cancer type and context, as well as a biomarker potential for diagnosis and therapy [7]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is cancer.