From the proinflammatory cytokine perspective, our study revealed significantly increased levels of proinflammatory IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 in association with an increased M1 profile in ASD adolescents and significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in association with an increased M1 profile, proinflammatory profile, and proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory ratio in ADHD adolescents compared to controls. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.