Marked alterations on pyruvate, formate, and the lactate to pyruvate ratio indicate perturbation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and energy metabolism at all levels of infection, whereas the disparity of the Asp:Glu/Asn:Gln indicates liver involvement and the increase in the Apolipoprotein-B100/Apolipoprotein-A1 ratio (ABA1) in combination with changes in other lipid and lipoprotein parameters suggests increased cardiovascular disease risk. This evidence concerns the gene APOA1 and infection.