IRF1 and age-related macular degeneration: The manifestation of AMD-like pathology in 3-month-old OXYS rats occurred simultaneously with expression changes of six genes involved in the p38 MAPK SP: the mRNA expression of three genes (Mapk12, Ppm1d, and Taok3) increased and that of three genes (Irf1, Map3k5, and Txn1) declined (Figure 1e, Supplementary Table S2).