Contrary to NGF, however, Tau and S100B displayed a weak correlation with brain volumes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Delayed cognitive and motor performances observed in two-year-old preterm and IUGR-born individuals were also found to be associated with anomalous urinary levels of S100B and Tau, assessed at 30-40 days of the postnatal period, and their changes did not correlate with brain growth. Here, S100B is linked to fetal growth restriction.