The onset of cancer was recently associated with the so-called “XCI genes”, genes that escape from X chromosome inactivation with the consequent failed balance between male and female genomic balance; among them, researchers found that the connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of ras 2 (CNKSR2), lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A), alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation, X-linked (ATRX) and Lysine-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C) are mutated in males with cancer but not in females. This evidence concerns the gene KDM6A and alpha thalassemia spectrum.