NFKB1 and diabetic kidney disease: Additionally, CoQ10 affects TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression in diabetic nephropathy patients, mostly through the NF-κB transcriptional pathway; likewise, in a previous systematic review in 2019 on patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, it was revealed that CoQ10 supplementation diminished the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 [22,30].