TNF and neoplasm: TAN-produced chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including chemokine (C single-bond C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3), chemokine (C single-bond C motif) ligand 9 (CCL9), chemokine C-X-C ligand 10 (CXCL10), tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, and interleukin 12 (IL-12), can recruit and activate CD8+ T-cells, which can limit tumor growth [46].