After demonstrating both safety and efficacy in multiple clinical trials, ruxolitinib 1.5% cream, an inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 (Figure 3b), received approval from the US-FDA in September 2021 for the treatment of mild-to-moderate AD in adolescent patients (≥12 years) and adults [182,183]. Here, JAK2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.