TNFSF11 and neoplasm: Several major signaling pathways have been identified in OS tumor development and metastasis, including the PIK3, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, NOTCH, Hedgehog, Ras, TGF-β, MAPK/AKT/mTOR, RANK/RANKL, and NF-κB signaling pathways [10,11].