Taking into account these results, Zondler demonstrates that peripheral CD14++ monocytes from ALS patients uptake exosomes containing TDP-43 isolated from ALS patients serum and display an impaired pro-inflammatory reaction with the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1b, and MCP-1 [164]. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.