In a more recent study, increased urinary exosomal levels of prominin 1 (CD133), the cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 1 (CREG1), and cadherin 4, indicating morphological and proliferation aberrations, were found to be elevated in the exosomes of patients with ADPKD [177]. The gene discussed is PROM1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.