Afirma XA provides information about inherited syndromes with increased likelihood of thyroid malignancy, such as RET (multiple endocrine neoplasia 2; MEN2), PTEN (PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome; Cowden syndrome), APC (APC-associated polyposis; familial adenomatous polyposis) and DICER1 (DICER1 syndrome). This evidence concerns the gene APC and Cowden disease.