Although some clinical studies suggest that increasing HDL-C level would have a beneficial effect in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis, a recent study showed that in the case of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor torcetrapib, no positive effect related to coronary atherosclerosis was identified, despite the fact that the treatment showed a substantial increase in HDL-C and a decrease in LDL-C levels [112]. Here, CETP is linked to atherosclerosis.