NQO1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The number of overlapping upregulated genes from the GSE2088, GSE6044, GSE19188, and GSE68465 datasets was 6, including the following genes: FLT4, NQO1, HIF1A, CXCL14, TFAP21, and BIRC5. As displayed in the Venn diagram and heatmap in (Figure 2A,B), to validate and compare expression levels of BIRC5/HIF1A/FLT4 in NSCLC, we used the TNM plot tool, and samples were obtained using RNA-Seq data.