When applying ROC analysis to examine the ability of each diagnostic biomarker to detect PCa, the highest AUC was identified for PHID (AUC 0.812), followed by PHI (AUC 0.791), PSAD (AUC 0.650), and PSA (AUC 0.571) (Figure 1A). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy.