STAT3 and lung carcinoma: Figure 8 shows that non-toxic concentrations of this inhibitor substantially decreased the stimulation of lung cancer cell migration by PA, suggesting that protein tyrosine kinases were involved in this process. A major pathway that is activated downstream of receptor tyrosine phosphorylation is the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. JAK2/STAT3 signaling is essential for numerous developmental and homeostatic processes, and is involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inflammation, and the migration/invasion of cancer cells [14].